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Classic examples of blatant bias include the views of members of hate groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and members of Hitlers Nazi party. Devine and her colleagues (2005) note that automatic prejudices subside when ________. (d) Put a=1/2a=1 / 2a=1/2. Was the White person wrong because they will never learn to be comfortable if they avoid contact? Social trap where 2 prisoners are separated and have to consider the impacts of cooperating with their partner or competing to get the first confession. Similarly, Ecuador guarantees the fundamental right to sexual orientation and gender identity. Mr. Wong, a high school teacher, tells his class that he thinks boys tend to be less anxious and, thus, give better speeches than girls. "teachers" were deceived and frequently subjected to severe stress. Quia - AP Psychology - Unit 14 Vocabulary Review For example, when our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes, adjusting ones behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard, influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval, influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality, stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others, the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable, the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity, the enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined. Stereotypes are biased thoughts about a person due to the incorrect belief that the category accurately describes them. a. This is an especially useful way to measure potential biases because it does not simply ask people to openly report on the extent to which they discriminate against others. swissworld: paysages, Pregntale a otro(a) estudiante qu pide en un restaurante en las siguientes situaciones. The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. A confirmation bias is cognitive bias that favors information that confirms your previously existing beliefs or biases. where all constants are positive, a(0,1)a \in(0,1)a(0,1). Chapter 7 Flashcards | Chegg.com In the context of the relationship between religion and racial prejudice, if one defines religiousness as . An example of the fundamental attribution error is illustrated in our tendency to underestimate the extent to which others' behavior is influenced by: Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrate that, That actions may sometimes be inconsistent with attitudes, The impact of our actions on our attitudes is best illustrated by, The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as, Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. a. human aggression is an unlearned instinct. Although categorizing can be useful, it can also result in serious and negative consequences when labels are associated with a person or groups worth. Whereas SDO emphasizes potential economic conflicts, RWA focuses on value conflicts. Peter Principle: The Peter Principle is an observation that the tendency in most organizational hierarchies , such as that of a corporation, is for every employee to rise in the hierarchy through . CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. - Course Hero a. cognitive dissonance. In individualistic cultures, what is NOT one of the four beliefs that parents have identified as necessary for adolescent autonomy? This best illustrates. Even ordinary people, without any particular hostility, can become agents in a destructive process. These small interactions can have devastating effects on the hopeful interviewees ability to perform well (Word, Zanna, & Cooper, 1974). 29 terms. Just ask yourself if youve ever been asked, What are you? This question is frequently asked to people about their ethnicity, national origin, gender identity, religion, and other group affiliations. Just 80 years ago, American college students unabashedly thought Turkish people were cruel, very religious, and treacherous (Katz & Braly, 1933). skepticism. What was the highest marginal tax rate for married taxpayers in 1970? Representativeness Heuristic The tendency to make judgments about group membership based on physical appearances or the match between a person and one's stereotype of a group rather than on available base rate information. NIMBY, also spelled Nimby, in full Not in My Backyard or Not in My Backyard Phenomenon, a colloquialism signifying one's opposition to the locating of something considered undesirable in one's neighborhood. a. deindividuation. C) more readily comply with a large request if they previously complied with a small request. d. vivid cases. Common stereotypes of people from all sorts of categories and occupations turn out to classify them along these two dimensions (see Figure 1). And a stereotypical old person would be seen as high in warmth but lower in competence. We identify o We compare Ingroup bias o Tendency to favor ones own group o. Tendency - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms | Vocabulary.com (2010), since the Iraq war, Americans with a strong national identity expressed the most disdain for: People redirect their hostility when the cause of their frustration is intimidating or unknown. People who score higher on the scale show more ingroup favoritism in comparison with those who score lower on it (Stangor & Thompson, 2002). The phrase "not in my backyard," shortened to "NIMBY," seems to have appeared first in the mid-1970s. 6 facts about Americans and marijuana | Pew Research Center a. warrior Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias, The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. However, imagine if every time you ate ice cream, you got a brain freeze. What is a FALSE statement regarding the research on microaggressions. c. more; more June 7, 2022 1 Views. which people belonged to were an important source of pride and self-esteem. This statement best reflects the: Victoria is a fifth grader in Carson Elementary School. These maps of the group terrain predict specific types of discrimination for specific kinds of groups. A) perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others. D) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate. Pablo and Sabina's failure to resolve their argument for their mutual benefit illustrates a failure to develop. Comparisons of identical and fraternal twins highlight the impact of ________ on aggression. Which of the following statements is likely to be true of Bill? A belief that leads to its own fulfillment. D) GRIT. Make a truth table for the below given statement. Expert Answer. Sadly, this can result in consequential discrimination, such as allocating fewer resources to disliked outgroups (Rudman & Ashmore, 2009). It turns out, however, that peoples reaction time on the IAT predicts actual feelings about out-group members, decisions about them, and behavior towardthem, especially nonverbal behavior (Greenwald, Poehlman, Uhlmann, & Banaji, 2009). A change in behavior following a demand from an authority figure. Alex is likely to conform to their opinion if, He feels insecure in his role as a new member of the team, After hearing respected medical authorities lecture about the value of regular exercise, Raul, who has rarely exercised, begins to jog regularly. His reaction most clearly illustrates one of the dynamics involved in, An expectation that people will help those who depend on them is known as the, Two conflicting groups who share the same negative views of one another demonstrate. c. animals can be bred for aggressiveness. Desirable? Blatant bias is not a thing of the past, however. B) self-worth. One example of ratee bias is egocentric bias, which is best described as the tendency to: a. evaluate one; The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others is: A) consistency. If people hold a negative view of Margaret because they hold negative views about older adults in general, this is prejudice. The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs. Situational (External) Attribution Theory. exclusivity. After three months of riding the 8:30 bus to work, Cindy has actually started to feel affection for the gruff and scowling old bus driver. This is an example of: individuals sometimes perform poorly when apprehensive about being stereotyped. ____________ can be defined as any physical or verbal behavior that is intended to hurt or destroy. Ethnocentrism is the term that denotes this kind of behavior. In-group favoritism - Wikipedia The difference is that we categories ourselves, as self-categorization theory points out (Turner, 1975). Misra, S., Le, P.T., Goldmann, E. & Yang, L.H. chapter_12 - CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. The tendency to Busca trabajos relacionados con All of the following are examples of measures of central tendency except o contrata en el mercado de freelancing ms grande del mundo con ms de 22m de trabajos. In-group favoritism is an ambiguous form of bias because it disfavors the outgroup by exclusion. Most people also identify as members of certain groups but not others. b. the just-world phenomenon. In particular, it is unclear to what extent ingroup favoritism is driven by preferences concerning the welfare of ingroup over outgroup members, vs. beliefs about the behavior of ingroup and outgroup members. Black people tend to dress pretty much alike. This best illustrates, Montel, a White university student, is on academic probation for poor grades. An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., Rudman, L. A., Farnham, S. D., Nosek, B. a. cognitive dissonance. Calls for national unity and patriotism that do not tolerate dissenting voices are an example. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is sometimes called the ________ gene.